According to GLOBOCON, ovarian cancer is becoming more common among women in Uganda with doctors saying many women are diagnosed late, which makes treatment harder.
A population-based survey of cancer across Uganda’s sub-regions found that ovarian cancer ranked among the five most common cancers in women, making up about 5.2% of female cancers captured by registries, behind cervical and breast cancer.
GLOBOCON states that nationally, the overall cancer burden grew from an estimated 27,410 new cases in 2012 to 35,968 in 2022, with numbers expected to keep growing.
Ovarian cancer may be on the rise, but knowing the signs and seeking medical care early can save your life.
What Causes It?
The exact cause of ovarian cancer is not known, but some factors increase risk, including:
Being over 40 years old
Family history of ovarian or breast cancer
Inherited genetic changes (BRCA1/2)
Never having children or infertility problems
Obesity and prolonged use of hormone therapy
Common Symptoms
Ovarian cancer is sometimes called a “silent killer” because its early signs are vague. Women need to watch out for:
Constant bloating or swollen stomach
Pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis
Experiencing a quick feeling of fullness or a loss of appetite
Unexplained weight loss, tiredness, or back pain
If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, you are advised to seek medical advice.
Stages of Ovarian Cancer
Can It Be Prevented?
While there is no simple test to screen for ovarian cancer in Uganda, you as a woman can lower your risk by:
Keeping a healthy weight and active lifestyle
Using oral contraceptives (which may reduce risk) after discussing with a doctor
Going for regular health check-ups, especially if cancer runs in your family
Considering genetic counselling if you have a strong family history is advisable.
Medical Care
According to the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI), treatment usually involves surgery and chemotherapy. UCI offers specialized care and has trained doctors in gynaecologic oncology. However, the best chance for survival is early detection and quick treatment.
Ovarian cancer is on the rise, but awareness is the first step to protection. If you notice persistent abdominal pain, bloating, or sudden weight changes, do not ignore them. Visit the nearest health facility for timely medical attention.
