Nairobi, Kenya – Kenya’s cut flower industry, once one of the country’s top foreign exchange earners, has suffered a sharp decline. Export revenues have dropped by 32% over the last five years, driven by rising production costs, tough global competition, and changing market demands.
Kenya is Africa’s largest exporter of cut flowers, supplying nearly 40% of roses sold in Europe. The industry employs more than 200,000 people directly and supports over two million livelihoods indirectly, making it a vital part of the economy. However, new challenges are threatening its survival.
Growers report that the cost of production—such as electricity, fertilizers, chemicals, and labor—has gone up sharply. At the same time, global fuel price increases have pushed freight charges higher, making Kenyan flowers more expensive compared to competitors from Ethiopia, Colombia, and Ecuador.
Climate change has also worsened the situation. Unpredictable rainfall and prolonged droughts have affected water supply for greenhouses around Lake Naivasha, where most of the farms are located.
Demand in key European markets has slowed as consumers turn to cheaper flowers or locally grown alternatives. Stricter environmental standards in Europe, particularly around pesticide use and carbon footprints, have added pressure on Kenyan farmers to comply with costly regulations.
Despite the decline, industry players are seeking ways to bounce back. Some farms are investing in solar power, water recycling, and organic fertilizers to cut costs and meet green standards. Others are diversifying into new markets in Asia and the Middle East, where demand for fresh flowers is rising.
The Kenya Flower Council has also urged the government to support exporters by reducing taxes, stabilizing freight charges, and negotiating better trade agreements to keep the industry competitive.
If the sector continues to shrink, thousands of jobs could be lost, especially for women who make up the majority of flower farm workers. This would not only hurt families but also reduce foreign exchange earnings at a time when Kenya is struggling with high debt and a weakening shilling.
Experts warn that unless urgent measures are taken, Kenya risks losing its position as a global leader in cut flower exports.
